Which insulation type is commonly used for medium-voltage insulated conductors?

Cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) is the correct answer because it is widely recognized for its excellent electrical properties, thermal resistance, and mechanical strength, making it particularly suitable for medium-voltage insulated conductors. XLPE is a thermoset material that undergoes a cross-linking process during manufacturing, which enhances its resilience against heat, allows for higher operating temperatures, and improves its durability in electrical applications. The material also exhibits good dielectric properties, which are essential for minimizing energy losses and maintaining insulation integrity in medium-voltage systems.

Other insulation types mentioned, while they may serve specific applications, do not possess the same level of performance and reliability as XLPE in medium-voltage scenarios. For instance, polycarbonate is more commonly used in optical applications and certain types of electronics rather than in power distribution. Natural rubber, though flexible, lacks the thermal and electrical stability required for medium-voltage use, and neoprene, while resistant to environmental stress and chemicals, also falls short in electrical performance when compared to XLPE. Therefore, XLPE stands out as the optimal choice for effectively insulating medium-voltage conductors.